It is well documented that smoking cessation has a beneficial effect on health – and a life-prolonging effect. This also applies to smokers who are more than 60 years old when they quit smoking. (Doll and Peto, 1994). Smokers who stop smoking before 35 years of age has, in Dolls and Peto study, the same average length of life as never-smokers. This does apply to those who started smoking during early adolescence. It is never too late to quit smoking, using quit smoking pills or what ever quit smoking method it takes.
The main conclusions are as follows:
1. Ex smokers assess their health status as being better compared to smokers. It is remarkable that this also applies to young people of 16-24 years of age. This is true regardless of whether you measure absenteeism, hospitalizations, self-reported chronic and acute disease, restriction of physical activity or self-assessed health status. Most studies show that the impact of smoking cessation, the first completely after ca. 1-year smoking cessation. After a year of smoking cessation self-reported health, experienced at the level of the nonsmokers reported.
2. 80% of smokers gain weight in relation to smoking cessation. In comparison, taking 20% of smokers on weight over the same time period. Weight increase is on average approx. 2 kg. For a small group of 3-4% of all who stopped smoking, weight gain was so great that in itself could pose a health risk.
3. Smoking cessation leads to pulmonary symptoms such as cough, saliva and pibende and sharpening end breathing improved or completely overcomes both in healthy smokers and in smokers with established bronchitis and large lungs (smokers’ lungs). In young and healthy smoking cessation leads to lung function improved slightly, and that it does not degrade faster than in never-smokers. In patients with established chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) normalized the future deterioration of lung function, but the lost lung function is not recovered. Some asthmatics reported improvement in the condition after smoking cessation, but not for everyone. Smoking cessation reduces the risk of developing severe pneumonia and influenza. The risk decreases after smoking cessation, and within a few years down at the same level as in never-smokers.
4. Five years after smoking cessation, the risk of lung cancer, throat cancer, bladder cancer and cancer in the throath is halfed. After 15-20 years, the risk is almost non-smokers. Big smokers have an approx. twice as much cancer risk as non-smokers for the rest of their life.
5. Cessation of smoking results in a reduced tendency for blood clot formation. Platelets label together less and less fibrinogen in the blood to stabilize blood clots. The effect on the various biological systems comes from a few weeks after cessation of smoking for approx. 2 years after termination. Smoking cessation leads to an almost immediate decrease in the risk of developing blood clots, but only after 5-10 years as ex-smokers is down to the same risk as a never-smoker. Smoking cessation in young age (eg before 35 years of age) leads to a significant risk reduction largely down to the risk that exists among never-smokers. Smoking cessation leads to a rapid reduction in the increased risk of brain bleeding and already five years after smoking cessation, the risk is reduced to never-smoking’s risks. Cessation of smoking reduces the risk of arteriosclerosis in the legs. In already developed disease smoking cessation will often relieve the inconvenience and reduce the risk of deterioration.
6. Smoking slows the healing of wounds and cuts. After surgery, there are several complications for smokers. Smoking cessation is recommended before surgical procedures.
7. There is clear evidence that the smoking is a risk factor for development of osteoprose where hip fractures are by far the most serious health consequence. The risk around. 10 years after smoking cessation.
8. Women who quit smoking before or during the first 3-4 months of pregnancy give birth to children with normal birth weight. Approximately 30-40% of premature births of children could be prevented by smoking cessation. It does not work in this context to reduce tobacco consumption. The time for menopause is normalized by smoking cessation.
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